COVID-19 Phenotype L & H

Daily thoughts & numbers on the COVID-19 pandemic from a M.D. working in the front lines at the Emergency Department in a hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. 

J Infect 2020-04-10 article by Yeet al, ‘Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 and Treatment‘: *

High levels of expression of IL-1B, IFN-γ, IP-10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) have been detected in patients with COVID-19. These inflammatory cytokines may activate the T-helper type 1 (Th1) cell response(47). Th1 activation is a key event in the activation of specific immunity(48). However, unlike SARS patients, patients with COVID-19 also have elevated levels of Th2 cell-secreted cytokines (such as IL-4 and IL-10), which inhibit the inflammatory response. The serum levels of IL-2R and IL-6 in patients with COVID-19 are positively correlated with the severity of the disease (i.e., critically ill patients > severely ill patients > ordinary patients)(49). Other studies have found that, compared with COVID-19 patients from general wards, patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) display increased serum levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, IP-10, MCP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1A, and TNF-α. The above studies suggest that the cytokine storm is positively correlated with disease severity(47)

COVID-19 Numbers Sweden 2020-04-16 *

• 1 333 deaths nationally
  • 795 of them in Stockholm
• 12 540 confirmed cases nationally
  DEATHS [SWE]
  
  New confirmed deaths daily in Sweden. 
  (Number of COVID-19 cases over time in Sweden, updates during mornings at 14:00 so todays numbers are not yet complete until the next day).
  ICU [SWE]
  
  New Covid-19 patients Being Treated at the ICU in Sweden. 
  (Number of COVID-19 cases over time in Sweden, updates during mornings at 14:00 so todays numbers are not yet complete until the next day).
  NEW CONFIRMED CASES [SWE]  
  
  New confirmed cases daily in Sweden.
  (Number of COVID-19 cases over time in Sweden, updates during mornings at 14:00 so todays numbers are not yet complete until the next day).
  TOTAL CONFIRMED CASES [SWE]  
  
  New confirmed cases accumulated over time in Sweden. 
  (Number of COVID-19 cases over time in Sweden, updates during mornings at 14:00 so todays numbers are not yet complete until the next day).
  
• Intensive care Sweden: *
  • 977 COVID-19 confirmed patients treated in the ICU in total so far
  • 10,6 days from symptoms to ICU
  • 25,4 % women
    
    Total number of recorded of COVID-19 patients needing ICU care each week. From Week 10 it seems to more than triple each week for the first 4 weeks. From week ten: 5 →  24  → 129 → 425 → 760 → 1105 (1213 this week up until now, however since it’s only wednesday this weeks numbers are yet incomplete)

COVID-19 Numbers Globally (updated today 2020-04-16 at 14:00 CET) *

• 131 037 confirmed deaths
• 1 995 983 confirmed cases
• 5 389 new deaths

That’s it until tomorrow, keep calm and stay safe!